National Transport Library Research Database

Litium-luftbatteriet - ett batteri med hög energitäthet

  • Uppsala universitet, Universitet eller högskola, 202100-2932
Sponsors, duration, budget: Energimyndigheten ; 2010-01-01 -- 2012-12-31 Registration number:
  • Energimyndigheten 2010000414
Subject(s): Abstract: Det finns ett stort behov av batterisystem med högre energitäthet än dagens system för att tillfredställa det ökade behovet av elenergilager i t.ex. fordon. Inom projektet avser man att studera grundläggande materialegenskaper och processer inom det uppladdningsbara litium-luftbatteriet. Katodens kapacitet hos Li-jonbatterier utgör en flaskhals för att öka energitätheten. Genom att i stället låta litium reagera direkt med luftens syre kan energitätheten ökas upp till tio gånger. Ansatsen bygger på undersökningar med bulk- och ytkänsliga elektro- och materialkemiska tekniker. Projektet har hög grundforskningskvalitét och hög energirelevans.Abstract: There is a constant need for environmentally benign batteries with higher energy density than todays systems. To increase the use of electric power in eg. vehicles, new electrochemical energy storage devices are needed that go beyond the limits of the existing systems. This project aims to study basic material properties and processes within the rechargeable lithium-air battery (Li/O2 battery). The rechargeable Li-ion battery is the single most important development in energy storage during the last 100 years but the capacity of the cathode is a severe bottle-neck for increasing the energy density. However, the storage capacity can be increased by up to 10 times by instead letting lithium react directly with O2 from air through a porous positive carbon electrode; the lithium-air battery. With a recent breakthrough using non-aqueous electrolytes, the field of rechargeable lithium-air batteries has reopened. This research will address basic question such as: which is the best catalyst for O2 reduction? Are really the MnOx systems best? What is the critical property for the carbon matrix to store the reaction product Li2O2 efficiently? How should the electrochemical cell be designed to work in air? What are the most important chemical properties for a good electrolyte, etc? These questions will be answered by a large portfolio of bulk and surface sensitive electrochemical and materials chemistry techniques.
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